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====== Option +converters+
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Specifies converters to be used in parsing fields.
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See {Field Converters}[#class-CSV-label-Field+Converters]
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Default value:
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CSV::DEFAULT_OPTIONS.fetch(:converters) # => nil
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The value may be a field converter name
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(see {Stored Converters}[#class-CSV-label-Stored+Converters]):
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str = '1,2,3'
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# Without a converter
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array = CSV.parse_line(str)
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array # => ["1", "2", "3"]
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# With built-in converter :integer
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array = CSV.parse_line(str, converters: :integer)
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array # => [1, 2, 3]
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The value may be a converter list
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(see {Converter Lists}[#class-CSV-label-Converter+Lists]):
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str = '1,3.14159'
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# Without converters
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array = CSV.parse_line(str)
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array # => ["1", "3.14159"]
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# With built-in converters
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array = CSV.parse_line(str, converters: [:integer, :float])
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array # => [1, 3.14159]
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The value may be a \Proc custom converter:
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(see {Custom Field Converters}[#class-CSV-label-Custom+Field+Converters]):
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str = ' foo , bar , baz '
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# Without a converter
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array = CSV.parse_line(str)
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array # => [" foo ", " bar ", " baz "]
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# With a custom converter
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array = CSV.parse_line(str, converters: proc {|field| field.strip })
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array # => ["foo", "bar", "baz"]
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See also {Custom Field Converters}[#class-CSV-label-Custom+Field+Converters]
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---
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Raises an exception if the converter is not a converter name or a \Proc:
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str = 'foo,0'
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# Raises NoMethodError (undefined method `arity' for nil:NilClass)
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CSV.parse(str, converters: :foo)
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@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
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====== Option +empty_value+
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Specifies the object that is to be substituted
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for each field that has an empty \String.
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Default value:
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CSV::DEFAULT_OPTIONS.fetch(:empty_value) # => "" (empty string)
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With the default, <tt>""</tt>:
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CSV.parse_line('a,"",b,"",c') # => ["a", "", "b", "", "c"]
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With a different object:
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CSV.parse_line('a,"",b,"",c', empty_value: 'x') # => ["a", "x", "b", "x", "c"]
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@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
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====== Option +field_size_limit+
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Specifies the \Integer field size limit.
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Default value:
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CSV::DEFAULT_OPTIONS.fetch(:field_size_limit) # => nil
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This is a maximum size CSV will read ahead looking for the closing quote for a field.
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(In truth, it reads to the first line ending beyond this size.)
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If a quote cannot be found within the limit CSV will raise a MalformedCSVError,
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assuming the data is faulty.
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You can use this limit to prevent what are effectively DoS attacks on the parser.
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However, this limit can cause a legitimate parse to fail;
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therefore the default value is +nil+ (no limit).
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For the examples in this section:
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str = <<~EOT
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"a","b"
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"
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2345
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",""
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EOT
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str # => "\"a\",\"b\"\n\"\n2345\n\",\"\"\n"
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Using the default +nil+:
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ary = CSV.parse(str)
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ary # => [["a", "b"], ["\n2345\n", ""]]
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Using <tt>50</tt>:
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field_size_limit = 50
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ary = CSV.parse(str, field_size_limit: field_size_limit)
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ary # => [["a", "b"], ["\n2345\n", ""]]
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---
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Raises an exception if a field is too long:
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big_str = "123456789\n" * 1024
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# Raises CSV::MalformedCSVError (Field size exceeded in line 1.)
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CSV.parse('valid,fields,"' + big_str + '"', field_size_limit: 2048)
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@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
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====== Option +header_converters+
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Specifies converters to be used in parsing headers.
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See {Header Converters}[#class-CSV-label-Header+Converters]
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Default value:
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CSV::DEFAULT_OPTIONS.fetch(:header_converters) # => nil
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Identical in functionality to option {converters}[#class-CSV-label-Option+converters]
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except that:
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- The converters apply only to the header row.
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- The built-in header converters are +:downcase+ and +:symbol+.
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This section assumes prior execution of:
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str = <<-EOT
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Name,Value
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foo,0
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bar,1
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baz,2
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EOT
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# With no header converter
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table = CSV.parse(str, headers: true)
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table.headers # => ["Name", "Value"]
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The value may be a header converter name
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(see {Stored Converters}[#class-CSV-label-Stored+Converters]):
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table = CSV.parse(str, headers: true, header_converters: :downcase)
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table.headers # => ["name", "value"]
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The value may be a converter list
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(see {Converter Lists}[#class-CSV-label-Converter+Lists]):
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header_converters = [:downcase, :symbol]
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table = CSV.parse(str, headers: true, header_converters: header_converters)
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table.headers # => [:name, :value]
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The value may be a \Proc custom converter
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(see {Custom Header Converters}[#class-CSV-label-Custom+Header+Converters]):
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upcase_converter = proc {|field| field.upcase }
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table = CSV.parse(str, headers: true, header_converters: upcase_converter)
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table.headers # => ["NAME", "VALUE"]
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See also {Custom Header Converters}[#class-CSV-label-Custom+Header+Converters]
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@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
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====== Option +headers+
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Specifies a boolean, \Symbol, \Array, or \String to be used
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to define column headers.
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Default value:
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CSV::DEFAULT_OPTIONS.fetch(:headers) # => false
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---
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Without +headers+:
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str = <<-EOT
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Name,Count
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foo,0
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bar,1
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bax,2
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EOT
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csv = CSV.new(str)
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csv # => #<CSV io_type:StringIO encoding:UTF-8 lineno:0 col_sep:"," row_sep:"\n" quote_char:"\"">
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csv.headers # => nil
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csv.shift # => ["Name", "Count"]
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---
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If set to +true+ or the \Symbol +:first_row+,
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the first row of the data is treated as a row of headers:
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str = <<-EOT
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Name,Count
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foo,0
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bar,1
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bax,2
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EOT
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csv = CSV.new(str, headers: true)
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csv # => #<CSV io_type:StringIO encoding:UTF-8 lineno:2 col_sep:"," row_sep:"\n" quote_char:"\"" headers:["Name", "Count"]>
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csv.headers # => ["Name", "Count"]
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csv.shift # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Count":"1">
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---
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If set to an \Array, the \Array elements are treated as headers:
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str = <<-EOT
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foo,0
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bar,1
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bax,2
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EOT
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csv = CSV.new(str, headers: ['Name', 'Count'])
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csv
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csv.headers # => ["Name", "Count"]
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csv.shift # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Count":"1">
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---
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If set to a \String +str+, method <tt>CSV::parse_line(str, options)</tt> is called
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with the current +options+, and the returned \Array is treated as headers:
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str = <<-EOT
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foo,0
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bar,1
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bax,2
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EOT
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csv = CSV.new(str, headers: 'Name,Count')
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csv
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csv.headers # => ["Name", "Count"]
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csv.shift # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"bar" "Count":"1">
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@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
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====== Option +liberal_parsing+
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Specifies the boolean or hash value that determines whether
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CSV will attempt to parse input not conformant with RFC 4180,
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such as double quotes in unquoted fields.
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Default value:
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CSV::DEFAULT_OPTIONS.fetch(:liberal_parsing) # => false
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For the next two examples:
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str = 'is,this "three, or four",fields'
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Without +liberal_parsing+:
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# Raises CSV::MalformedCSVError (Illegal quoting in str 1.)
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CSV.parse_line(str)
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With +liberal_parsing+:
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ary = CSV.parse_line(str, liberal_parsing: true)
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ary # => ["is", "this \"three", " or four\"", "fields"]
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Use the +backslash_quote+ sub-option to parse values that use
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a backslash to escape a double-quote character. This
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causes the parser to treat <code>\"</code> as if it were
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<code>""</code>.
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For the next two examples:
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str = 'Show,"Harry \"Handcuff\" Houdini, the one and only","Tampa Theater"'
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With +liberal_parsing+, but without the +backslash_quote+ sub-option:
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# Incorrect interpretation of backslash; incorrectly interprets the quoted comma as a field separator.
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ary = CSV.parse_line(str, liberal_parsing: true)
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ary # => ["Show", "\"Harry \\\"Handcuff\\\" Houdini", " the one and only\"", "Tampa Theater"]
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puts ary[1] # => "Harry \"Handcuff\" Houdini
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With +liberal_parsing+ and its +backslash_quote+ sub-option:
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ary = CSV.parse_line(str, liberal_parsing: { backslash_quote: true })
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ary # => ["Show", "Harry \"Handcuff\" Houdini, the one and only", "Tampa Theater"]
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puts ary[1] # => Harry "Handcuff" Houdini, the one and only
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@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
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====== Option +nil_value+
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Specifies the object that is to be substituted for each null (no-text) field.
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Default value:
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CSV::DEFAULT_OPTIONS.fetch(:nil_value) # => nil
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With the default, +nil+:
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CSV.parse_line('a,,b,,c') # => ["a", nil, "b", nil, "c"]
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With a different object:
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CSV.parse_line('a,,b,,c', nil_value: 0) # => ["a", 0, "b", 0, "c"]
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@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
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====== Option +return_headers+
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Specifies the boolean that determines whether method #shift
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returns or ignores the header row.
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Default value:
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CSV::DEFAULT_OPTIONS.fetch(:return_headers) # => false
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Examples:
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str = <<-EOT
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Name,Count
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foo,0
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bar,1
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bax,2
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EOT
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# Without return_headers first row is str.
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csv = CSV.new(str, headers: true)
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csv.shift # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"foo" "Count":"0">
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# With return_headers first row is headers.
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csv = CSV.new(str, headers: true, return_headers: true)
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csv.shift # => #<CSV::Row "Name":"Name" "Count":"Count">
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@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
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====== Option +skip_blanks+
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Specifies a boolean that determines whether blank lines in the input will be ignored;
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a line that contains a column separator is not considered to be blank.
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Default value:
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CSV::DEFAULT_OPTIONS.fetch(:skip_blanks) # => false
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See also option {skiplines}[#class-CSV-label-Option+skip_lines].
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For examples in this section:
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str = <<-EOT
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foo,0
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bar,1
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baz,2
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,
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EOT
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Using the default, +false+:
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ary = CSV.parse(str)
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ary # => [["foo", "0"], [], ["bar", "1"], ["baz", "2"], [], [nil, nil]]
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Using +true+:
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ary = CSV.parse(str, skip_blanks: true)
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ary # => [["foo", "0"], ["bar", "1"], ["baz", "2"], [nil, nil]]
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Using a truthy value:
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ary = CSV.parse(str, skip_blanks: :foo)
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ary # => [["foo", "0"], ["bar", "1"], ["baz", "2"], [nil, nil]]
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@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
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====== Option +skip_lines+
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Specifies an object to use in identifying comment lines in the input that are to be ignored:
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* If a \Regexp, ignores lines that match it.
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* If a \String, converts it to a \Regexp, ignores lines that match it.
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* If +nil+, no lines are considered to be comments.
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Default value:
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CSV::DEFAULT_OPTIONS.fetch(:skip_lines) # => nil
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For examples in this section:
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str = <<-EOT
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# Comment
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foo,0
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bar,1
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baz,2
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# Another comment
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EOT
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str # => "# Comment\nfoo,0\nbar,1\nbaz,2\n# Another comment\n"
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Using the default, +nil+:
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ary = CSV.parse(str)
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ary # => [["# Comment"], ["foo", "0"], ["bar", "1"], ["baz", "2"], ["# Another comment"]]
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Using a \Regexp:
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ary = CSV.parse(str, skip_lines: /^#/)
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ary # => [["foo", "0"], ["bar", "1"], ["baz", "2"]]
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Using a \String:
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ary = CSV.parse(str, skip_lines: '#')
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ary # => [["foo", "0"], ["bar", "1"], ["baz", "2"]]
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---
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Raises an exception if given an object that is not a \Regexp, a \String, or +nil+:
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# Raises ArgumentError (:skip_lines has to respond to #match: 0)
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CSV.parse(str, skip_lines: 0)
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@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
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====== Option +strip+
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Specifies the boolean value that determines whether
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whitespace is stripped from each input field.
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Default value:
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CSV::DEFAULT_OPTIONS.fetch(:strip) # => false
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With default value +false+:
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ary = CSV.parse_line(' a , b ')
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ary # => [" a ", " b "]
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With value +true+:
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ary = CSV.parse_line(' a , b ', strip: true)
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ary # => ["a", "b"]
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@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
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====== Option +unconverted_fields+
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Specifies the boolean that determines whether unconverted field values are to be available.
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Default value:
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CSV::DEFAULT_OPTIONS.fetch(:unconverted_fields) # => nil
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The unconverted field values are those found in the source data,
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prior to any conversions performed via option +converters+.
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When option +unconverted_fields+ is +true+,
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each returned row (\Array or \CSV::Row) has an added method,
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+unconverted_fields+, that returns the unconverted field values:
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str = <<-EOT
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foo,0
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bar,1
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baz,2
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EOT
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# Without unconverted_fields
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csv = CSV.parse(str, converters: :integer)
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csv # => [["foo", 0], ["bar", 1], ["baz", 2]]
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csv.first.respond_to?(:unconverted_fields) # => false
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# With unconverted_fields
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csv = CSV.parse(str, converters: :integer, unconverted_fields: true)
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csv # => [["foo", 0], ["bar", 1], ["baz", 2]]
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csv.first.respond_to?(:unconverted_fields) # => true
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csv.first.unconverted_fields # => ["foo", "0"]
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user